![]() Valdes, in Fowler's Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine Current Therapy, VolGeneralized Recommendations for Feeding Rhinoceros Under Human Care Current worldwide population estimates (2012) are 35 to 44 Javan, 152 to 199 Sumatran, 3270 Indian, 4837 black, and 20,143 white rhinos (International Rhino Foundation In contrast, in the 1970s, the black rhino population in Africa was approximately 65,000. Habitat loss and severe poaching has led to the devastation of rhino populations. 35 Rhinos wallow in mud pools to cool off during the heat of the day and to help keep their skin free of external parasites. They need to drink daily or every second day, as they are hindgut fermenters with relatively fast gut transit times which reduce the time for water resorption from the feces. All species of rhino require regular access to water. Indian rhinos exist across a wide range of habitats, including marshes, alluvial plains, grasslands, and aril forests. ![]() Sumatran rhinos are found in areas of dense primary rain forest. The Javan rhino inhabits lowland coastal forests rather than the more mountainous inland areas. The Sumatran rhino is the most primitive and predates the extinct woolly rhino ( Coelodonta antiqitatis), which inhabited in northern Europe and Asia during the last Ice Age.Īfrican rhinos live in habitats that are related to dietary requirements the white rhino requires relatively flat terrain with areas of short grass, whereas the black rhino prefers areas with shrubs and young trees. Five extant species exist in four genera in Africa, the white ( Ceratotherium simum) and black ( Diceros bicornis) rhinos and in Asia, the Sumatran ( Dicerorhinus sumatrensis), Indian ( Rhinoceros unicornis), and Javan ( Rhinoceros sondaicus) rhinos. ![]() Rhinoceroses (rhinos) are among the most primitive of the world's large mammals, and in prehistoric times were common large herbivores in North America. Buss, in Fowler's Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, VolBiology ![]()
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